根(gen)據國(guo)務(wu)院下發的(de)(de)《關于整合檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)認(ren)證機(ji)(ji)構(gou)實施意見的(de)(de)通知》(以下簡稱《通知》)要求，到(dao)2015年底，基本完(wan)成事業單位性質的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)整合，轉企改制工作基本到(dao)位，市(shi)場(chang)競爭(zheng)格局初步形成。從全國(guo)的(de)(de)情(qing)況看，原國(guo)有檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)大多完(wan)成了機(ji)(ji)構(gou)整合、人員(yuan)劃轉、資質認(ren)定、設(she)備更(geng)新等(deng)，在機(ji)(ji)構(gou)整合的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)壯(zhuang)大了實力，增強了檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)競爭(zheng)力，這無論(lun)是(shi)對(dui)監(jian)管部門還(huan)是(shi)檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)，都是(shi)很大的(de)(de)鼓舞，應(ying)當給予(yu)“點贊”。

　　但前期(qi)所有整合工(gong)作的(de)最終目(mu)的(de)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)促(cu)成“市場(chang)競(jing)(jing)爭格(ge)局(ju)初(chu)步形(xing)成”，因為(wei)只有形(xing)成了(le)公(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)正的(de)市場(chang)競(jing)(jing)爭格(ge)局(ju)，才能引導檢驗檢測機(ji)構積極(ji)貼(tie)近市場(chang)監管(guan)需求，才能保證其(qi)競(jing)(jing)爭實(shi)力(li)(li)和技術(shu)創新。正如(ru)《通知(zhi)》中“政府引導、市場(chang)驅動”的(de)要(yao)求所指，在形(xing)成檢驗檢測機(ji)構競(jing)(jing)爭格(ge)局(ju)的(de)過程中，政府的(de)作用(yong)是(shi)(shi)“引導”而非“主導”，其(qi)目(mu)的(de)不僅(jin)在于防(fang)止(zhi)政府過度介入(ru)而影響(xiang)檢驗市場(chang)的(de)公(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)正，也(ye)在于防(fang)止(zhi)因“溺愛”而“捆了(le)企業(ye)的(de)手腳”，因“幫(bang)扶”而“減弱了(le)生存能力(li)(li)”。

　　目前，與脫胎于(yu)體(ti)制內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構相比，第三(san)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成長壯大還(huan)面(mian)臨一(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)政(zheng)策上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制約，民營檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構并沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)獲得更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)策利(li)好，建(jian)立(li)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)競(jing)爭的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)格局與《通(tong)知》要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)進度尚有(you)(you)(you)較大差距，培育出“布局合(he)理、實力(li)雄厚、公正可(ke)信的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)認證服(fu)務(wu)體(ti)系(xi)”仍(reng)需假(jia)以時日(ri)。主要表(biao)現為(wei)(wei)(wei)政(zheng)府還(huan)不(bu)習慣于(yu)在(zai)更大范圍內(nei)“購(gou)買(mai)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)服(fu)務(wu)”，一(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構仍(reng)滿足于(yu)以產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)定(ding)性檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主，以至于(yu)在(zai)思想和(he)行為(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)仍(reng)舊“穿新鞋，走(zou)老路”，沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)將檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)化(hua)與食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)藥品(pin)(pin)(pin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)對接(jie)，無力(li)為(wei)(wei)(wei)行政(zheng)監管提供及時、有(you)(you)(you)力(li)、深及終端的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術支(zhi)撐(cheng)。比如《食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安全法》第六十五條(tiao)規定(ding)，食(shi)(shi)用農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)應當(dang)建(jian)立(li)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)進貨(huo)查驗(yan)記(ji)錄制度，如實記(ji)錄食(shi)(shi)用農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱(cheng)、數(shu)量(liang)、進貨(huo)日(ri)以及供貨(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名稱(cheng)、地(di)址、聯(lian)系(xi)方式等內(nei)容，并保存(cun)相關憑(ping)證。記(ji)錄和(he)憑(ping)證保存(cun)期限(xian)不(bu)得少于(yu)六個月。而(er)在(zai)實際操作過程中(zhong)(zhong)，索(suo)票(piao)、索(suo)證制度卻很難落實，因為(wei)(wei)(wei)根據(ju)法律規定(ding)，未經(jing)(jing)加(jia)工的(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)用農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)不(bu)需要取得經(jing)(jing)營許(xu)可(ke)，這就(jiu)導致一(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)從事市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)批(pi)發業務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)商戶(hu)直接(jie)從農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)手(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)直接(jie)進貨(huo)，這些(xie)(xie)(xie)批(pi)發者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)手(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)根本就(jiu)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)證明，也(ye)就(jiu)給下游(you)銷(xiao)售(shou)(shou)渠道索(suo)票(piao)、索(suo)證制度的(de)(de)(de)(de)落實造成了很大困難。這些(xie)(xie)(xie)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)，有(you)(you)(you)法律制度銜接(jie)不(bu)夠、規定(ding)不(bu)具(ju)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)因素(su)，但主要還(huan)是(shi)(shi)受制于(yu)當(dang)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)體(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“不(bu)給力(li)”：一(yi)方面(mian)受原有(you)(you)(you)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)慣性和(he)人員(yuan)力(li)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制，整合(he)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)機構難以為(wei)(wei)(wei)監管肩負起“頂天立(li)地(di)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術支(zhi)撐(cheng);另(ling)一(yi)方面(mian)受檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)競(jing)爭不(bu)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，社會檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)力(li)量(liang)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)得到充(chong)分(fen)(fen)發育，沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)形成“鋪天蓋地(di)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)第三(san)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)力(li)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)供給，政(zheng)府購(gou)買(mai)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)服(fu)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)廣度受到局限(xian)。“高尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭是(shi)(shi)一(yi)切卓越才能的(de)(de)(de)(de)源泉。”檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)競(jing)爭充(chong)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)(shi)未來食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)藥品(pin)(pin)(pin)監管尋(xun)求技(ji)術支(zhi)撐(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沃土(tu)所在(zai)。

　　囿于(yu)目前的(de)困(kun)局(ju)，一些食(shi)品(pin)藥品(pin)經營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)農產(chan)品(pin)批發市場(chang)積極謀求(qiu)提升(sheng)食(shi)品(pin)自檢(jian)能力，這也是對(dui)社會檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)力量不足(zu)的(de)有益補充，值得大(da)力推(tui)廣。如(ru)本報(bao)報(bao)道的(de)北(bei)京新(xin)發地農副產(chan)品(pin)批發市場(chang)中心、北(bei)京市家樂福商業(ye)(ye)有限(xian)公司通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)加大(da)資(zi)金(jin)投入購置儀器設(she)備，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)外界技術幫(bang)扶建立自己(ji)的(de)實(shi)驗室，實(shi)現了對(dui)食(shi)用(yong)農產(chan)品(pin)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)自我保障。但這種檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)機制(zhi)，仍需納入檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)認(ren)證機構(gou)的(de)統(tong)一規劃和(he)建設(she)，以保證企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自身檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)行(xing)為公正、數(shu)據準確，打(da)造“產(chan)管并(bing)重、社會共治”的(de)監管生態，嚴把從農田到(dao)餐桌、從實(shi)驗室到(dao)醫院的(de)每一道防線(xian)。(葉賢圣)