推進(jin)縱向整合 實(shi)現做強做大

　　日前，質檢(jian)(jian)總局發(fa)布《特種設(she)備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測機(ji)構(gou)整合(he)試(shi)點方案》(以下(xia)簡稱《方案》)。《方案》要求(qiu)科(ke)學界定特種設(she)備(bei)安全監(jian)管的專業技(ji)術工作與檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測工作的功能定位，大力推進特檢(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)整合(he)，實(shi)現特檢(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)做強做大，不斷(duan)提升特檢(jian)(jian)高(gao)技(ji)術服務的核心競爭力和國際影響力。

　　堅持(chi)事(shi)企(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)開、管(guan)辦分(fen)(fen)離的(de)(de)原則(ze)，《方案》科(ke)學界定(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)特(te)種(zhong)設(she)備安(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)管(guan)的(de)(de)專業技術工(gong)(gong)(gong)作與檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作不同的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)。各級政(zheng)府特(te)種(zhong)設(she)備安(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)管(guan)部(bu)(bu)門舉(ju)辦的(de)(de)公(gong)益類(lei)(lei)事(shi)業單(dan)位(wei)予(yu)以(yi)保留，作為(wei)技術檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)機(ji)構(gou)，按照只減不增的(de)(de)原則(ze)，重新(xin)核定(ding)(ding)(ding)編制。此類(lei)(lei)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)為(wei)：為(wei)特(te)種(zhong)設(she)備安(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)管(guan)部(bu)(bu)門提供(gong)技術支撐，承(cheng)擔事(shi)故調查(cha)分(fen)(fen)析與應急(ji)處置、隱患(huan)整治(zhi)督(du)察、風險監(jian)(jian)測(ce)、統計分(fen)(fen)析、對檢(jian)(jian)驗等工(gong)(gong)(gong)作質(zhi)量的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督(du)抽查(cha)、投(tou)訴舉(ju)報調查(cha)以(yi)及使(shi)用登記等事(shi)務性(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。同時，對生(sheng)產環(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)制造監(jian)(jian)督(du)檢(jian)(jian)驗、安(an)(an)裝監(jian)(jian)督(du)檢(jian)(jian)驗、設(she)計文件鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)和使(shi)用環(huan)節(jie)中的(de)(de)特(te)種(zhong)設(she)備定(ding)(ding)(ding)期檢(jian)(jian)驗則(ze)實行社會(hui)化，由(you)生(sheng)產或使(shi)用單(dan)位(wei)自主選(xuan)擇有資(zi)質(zhi)的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗機(ji)構(gou)。此類(lei)(lei)機(ji)構(gou)根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)作屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)又(you)劃(hua)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)兩類(lei)(lei)：第一類(lei)(lei)是綜合檢(jian)(jian)驗集團(tuan)(特(te)檢(jian)(jian)集團(tuan))，主要從(cong)事(shi)特(te)種(zhong)設(she)備檢(jian)(jian)驗工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，上(shang)述檢(jian)(jian)驗工(gong)(gong)(gong)作是涉(she)及安(an)(an)全、具(ju)有較強公(gong)共屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)技術行為(wei)，該類(lei)(lei)機(ji)構(gou)應具(ju)備相(xiang)應的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)，由(you)政(zheng)府統籌規劃(hua)、科(ke)學設(she)置準入條件，企(qi)(qi)業自主選(xuan)擇，實現(xian)有序競(jing)爭;第二類(lei)(lei)是專項(xiang)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構(gou)，主要從(cong)事(shi)無損檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)、安(an)(an)全閥(fa)校(xiao)驗、氣瓶定(ding)(ding)(ding)期檢(jian)(jian)驗以(yi)及其(qi)他委(wei)托性(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)等，屬(shu)于市(shi)場行為(wei)，由(you)市(shi)場配置資(zi)源，實現(xian)充分(fen)(fen)競(jing)爭。

　　《方案》將(jiang)特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機構整(zheng)(zheng)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作目標分為3個時間節點。2015年底前(qian)，探(tan)索建立質監部(bu)門(men)特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)安全監管的(de)(de)(de)(de)專業技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)作與特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗工(gong)(gong)作相分離的(de)(de)(de)(de)機制，現(xian)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家、省(sheng)(sheng)、地(di)市級質監部(bu)門(men)所屬特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)事業單位要逐(zhu)步(bu)將(jiang)特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗業務轉交給(gei)整(zheng)(zheng)合組(zu)建的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)團承擔;2017年底前(qian)，基(ji)本完成(cheng)中國(guo)特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)團的(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向整(zheng)(zheng)合，通過省(sheng)(sheng)內或(huo)跨省(sheng)(sheng)特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷整(zheng)(zheng)合，逐(zhu)步(bu)形成(cheng)若干區(qu)域性特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)團，實現(xian)特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測社(she)會化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有序競爭(zheng)格局;2020年底前(qian)，完成(cheng)特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)合試點工(gong)(gong)作，形成(cheng)布局合理、實力(li)雄厚、公正可信的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)社(she)會化(hua)高技(ji)術服務體系。

　　《方案》還確定(ding)了(le)組建(jian)中(zhong)國特(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)集(ji)(ji)團、組建(jian)省及跨省特(te)(te)檢(jian)(jian)集(ji)(ji)團、推進行業檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)機(ji)構和企(qi)業自檢(jian)(jian)機(ji)構整合等幾項重(zhong)點任(ren)務，并(bing)制定(ding)了(le)組建(jian)特(te)(te)建(jian)集(ji)(ji)團(試點)的(de)準入條件，提出了(le)確保整合順利(li)進行的(de)保障措施。