關于實驗室檢驗機構資質認定飛行檢查
2018-08-01
作者：
瀏覽(lan)數：1429
按照《檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)管(guan)理辦(ban)法》和《檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)評審準則》的(de)(de)要求，由(you)省、地 ( 市) 級質(zhi)量技(ji)術監督(du)(du)局定(ding)期組織開展檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)監督(du)(du)檢(jian)查(cha) ( 簡稱飛行檢(jian)查(cha)) ，其目的(de)(de)是充分發揮警示作用，增強檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)風(feng)險意識和質(zhi)量意識。通過專項監督(du)(du)引導檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)測機(ji)(ji)構(gou)規范運行、提升質(zhi)量管(guan)理水平和技(ji)術水平。
1組織方式(shi)的嚴密性(xing)
省(sheng)、地 (市) 級質(zhi)量技術(shu)監督(du)(du)局(ju)針對所在地年度(du)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)運行(xing)情(qing)況，選(xuan)擇重點檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)領域、重點檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)地域和特(te)定(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)開展飛(fei)行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)。抽調(diao)省(sheng)、地 (市) 級資質(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)評審(shen)專家庫(ku)中(zhong)的(de)專業(ye)(ye)評審(shen)員組成飛(fei)行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)組，提前(qian)一周進行(xing)集中(zhong)培訓，傳達(da)部署監督(du)(du)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)工(gong)作(zuo)方案、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)計劃，學習《監督(du)(du)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)工(gong)作(zuo)指南》、《現場(chang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)指導書》及《檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)評審(shen)準則》等規范性文件。分組討論檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)流(liu)程、方式(shi)和要求，提前(qian)做好監督(du)(du)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)準備工(gong)作(zuo)。
2檢(jian)查過(guo)程的嚴肅性(xing)
飛(fei)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)事先不通(tong)知(zhi)被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)機構(gou)，可與所在地(di)(市) 級質量技術監(jian)(jian)督部門的(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)人員聯系，配合做好飛(fei)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)工作，且在規定(ding)的(de)時(shi)間內到達現場開展(zhan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)組以(yi)《檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構(gou)資質認定(ding)管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》、《檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構(gou)資質認定(ding)評審準(zhun)則》、《食品檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)機構(gou)資質認定(ding)評審準(zhun)則》 和飛(fei)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)作業指導書為依據(ju)，有重點、有針(zhen)對性(xing)地(di)進行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)，確(que)保時(shi)效(xiao)性(xing)、公正性(xing)、準(zhun)確(que)性(xing)。
檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)組召開首次會議(yi)，宣讀(du)飛行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗通(tong)知、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)組公正性(xing)承諾、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)內(nei)容和要求，聽取被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)構情況介紹，通(tong)過參觀實(shi)驗室、現場(chang)查(cha)(cha)(cha)閱被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)構資質、法律(lv)主體(ti)證明、查(cha)(cha)(cha)看管理體(ti)系及運行(xing)記錄、與(yu)關鍵崗(gang)位人員交談、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)現場(chang)設施設備運行(xing)、設備檔(dang)案信息、查(cha)(cha)(cha)看實(shi)驗室標準(zhun)溶液(ye)配制及貯存、查(cha)(cha)(cha)閱內(nei)外部(bu)質控檔(dang)案、歷年評審(shen)整改落實(shi)情況等(deng)內(nei)容，以點蓋全(quan)地(di)記錄存在(zai)的(de)問題和共(gong)性(xing)問題。
檢(jian)查組需分工明確、組織有(you)序(xu)。組長對檢(jian)查條款涉(she)及(ji)的機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)證書、資質(zhi)、體(ti)系及(ji)運(yun)行記錄進行全面核(he)查。各組員自行抽查已獲資質(zhi)的檢(jian)驗報(bao)(bao)告(gao)(食品(pin)(pin)、非(fei)食品(pin)(pin)) 內容，跟蹤驗證檢(jian)驗報(bao)(bao)告(gao)中(zhong)涉(she)及(ji)的人(ren)、機(ji)(ji)、料、法、環的真實(shi)性(xing)、有(you)效性(xing)、可追溯性(xing)。檢(jian)查過(guo)程中(zhong)被(bei)檢(jian)查機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)需真實(shi)地提(ti)供相關材(cai)料，檢(jian)查組對發現的問題在(zai)末次會(hui)上與被(bei)檢(jian)查機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的負責人(ren)及(ji)相關技術負責人(ren)、質(zhi)量(liang)負責人(ren)等進行溝(gou)通，提(ti)出今后工作中(zhong)管(guan)理體(ti)系、資質(zhi)持續有(you)效運(yun)行的建議(yi)。同時要求被(bei)檢(jian)查機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)應在(zai)規定的時間內向監管(guan)部門提(ti)報(bao)(bao)整改驗證報(bao)(bao)告(gao)。
3檢(jian)查結(jie)果的嚴謹性
檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)組在(zai)飛行檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)中應做(zuo)到客觀(guan)、公正，遇到特殊情(qing)況應及時向(xiang)負責組織的(de)(de)行政(zheng)主管部門溝(gou)通、匯報。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)組成員應嚴格遵守八項規定，做(zuo)好廉潔(jie)自律和保密工作(zuo)。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)過程中應將(jiang)發現的(de)(de)問(wen)題及時予以記錄，保存相關的(de)(de)證據性材(cai)料，檢(jian)驗(yan)結(jie)束后提交(jiao)飛行檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)報告(gao)。
組織監督檢查(cha)的省、地 (市) 級質量技術(shu)監督部門應(ying)收集匯總檢查(cha)組飛行檢查(cha)報告，及(ji)時(shi)總結，對存在(zai)的違法(fa)違規行為應(ying)按照《中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)計量法(fa)》、《中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)認證認可條(tiao)例》、《檢驗檢測機構資質認定(ding)管理(li)(li)辦法(fa)》等(deng)相(xiang)關法(fa)律法(fa)規予以(yi)處理(li)(li)和(he)通報。
4檢查中需關注(zhu)的問題
對于被檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)構管(guan)(guan)(guan)理要(yao)素部分，應抽查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)構《質量手冊》、《程序(xu)文件》，查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)看各項(xiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理制度是否(fou)按要(yao)求制定(ding)，通(tong)過(guo)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)相關管(guan)(guan)(guan)理記(ji)錄驗(yan)證管(guan)(guan)(guan)理體系運行情況的(de)良好(hao)性。涉及(ji)的(de)實驗(yan)室技(ji)術要(yao)素部分，可以(yi)抽查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)報告原始(shi)記(ji)錄信息的(de)形式，倒(dao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)過(guo)程中的(de)人、機(ji)、料(liao)、法、環五個環節是否(fou)滿足規定(ding)，確認其是否(fou)具(ju)備檢(jian)(jian)測能力(li)，追溯檢(jian)(jian)測原始(shi)數據的(de)準(zhun)確性、可靠性，同時對資(zi)質認定(ding)標志的(de)使用(yong)、是否(fou)無資(zi)質或超(chao)資(zi)質開展(zhan)檢(jian)(jian)測活動等方面進(jin)行重點檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。
4.1 關鍵(jian)人員方(fang)面
關(guan)(guan)注被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查機(ji)構的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)任職資(zi)格(ge)，按照(zhao)《檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)構資(zi)質認(ren)定評審準則》要求，應具備中(zhong)級(ji)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)本專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)職稱(cheng)或(huo)同等能(neng)力(li)(li) (同等能(neng)力(li)(li)解釋為: 博士研究生畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)1年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang); 碩士研究生畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)3年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang); 大(da)學(xue)本科畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)5年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang); 大(da)學(xue)專(zhuan)(zhuan)科畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)8年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)) 。綜合性檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)構的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)人(ren)(ren)可(ke)以(yi)任命(ming)多名技(ji)(ji)術(shu)負(fu)(fu)責(ze)人(ren)(ren)，分別負(fu)(fu)責(ze)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)運作，以(yi)滿足不同的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)。從(cong)事食(shi)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)構技(ji)(ji)術(shu)管理(li)人(ren)(ren)員應具有相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)級(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang) (含中(zhong)級(ji)) 技(ji)(ji)術(shu)職稱(cheng)和同等能(neng)力(li)(li)，從(cong)事食(shi)品(pin)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)工作三(san)年(nian)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。
關(guan)注被(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查機(ji)構授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)簽(qian)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)的授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)領域(yu)，不同(tong)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)領域(yu)的授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)簽(qian)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)必須具備(bei)中級及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)相(xiang)關(guan)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)技術職稱(cheng)或同(tong)等(deng)(deng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，食(shi)(shi)品(pin)授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)簽(qian)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)應當具有中級及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)技術職稱(cheng)或者同(tong)等(deng)(deng)能(neng)(neng)力(li) (同(tong)等(deng)(deng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)解釋為: 具有食(shi)(shi)品(pin)、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)、化學等(deng)(deng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)博士研究(jiu)生(sheng)畢業(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)1年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang); 食(shi)(shi)品(pin)、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)、化學等(deng)(deng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)碩士研究(jiu)生(sheng)畢業(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)3年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang); 食(shi)(shi)品(pin)、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)、化學等(deng)(deng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)大學本科畢業(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)5年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang); 食(shi)(shi)品(pin)、生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)、化學等(deng)(deng)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)大學專(zhuan)科畢業(ye)(ye)，從(cong)事(shi)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)8年(nian)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)) 。授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)簽(qian)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)須經(jing)資質(zhi)認定主管(guan)部門(men)批(pi)準后行使其職責，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查時應關(guan)注被(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查機(ji)構已獲(huo)資質(zhi)認定證(zheng)書附件授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)簽(qian)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)授(shou)(shou)權(quan)(quan)領域(yu)信息。
關注被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查機構(gou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員的(de)上崗確認。需分別對涉(she)及的(de)專(zhuan)業領域(yu)進行上崗考核，確保上崗資格滿(man)足檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)需求。食品檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)機構(gou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員須具有中(zhong)級以上 (含中(zhong)級) 專(zhuan)業技術職稱或同(tong)等能力人(ren)員的(de)比例(li)不少(shao)于30%，應(ying)持證上崗。微(wei)生(sheng)物領域(yu)的(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構(gou)，相關檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)人(ren)員應(ying)參加(jia)微(wei)生(sheng)物領域(yu)的(de)培(pei)訓。微(wei)生(sheng)物檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員應(ying)具有相應(ying)的(de)教育(yu)、微(wei)生(sheng)物專(zhuan)業培(pei)訓經歷(li)，具備相應(ying)的(de)資質，能夠理(li)解和正確實(shi)施檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)。
4.2 關鍵設施設備方(fang)面
關注被檢查機構是否存(cun)在固定、臨時、可移(yi)動(dong)場所，是否已(yi)通過資質(zhi)確認的情(qing)況，按照(zhao)已(yi)獲資質(zhi)項目內容核查檢驗報告中是否對檢驗地址進(jin)行說明(ming)。
關(guan)注對檢(jian)驗標(biao)準及(ji)技術規范中明確(que)(que)規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)條(tiao)件，確(que)(que)認(ren)是(shi)否建立了環境(jing)監控，對相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測區(qu)域是(shi)否進(jin)行了有(you)效(xiao)隔(ge)(ge)離 (包(bao)括空間隔(ge)(ge)離、電磁場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)離和(he)生(sheng)物安全(quan)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)離) ，防止(zhi)交叉污(wu)(wu)染(ran)。如: 微生(sheng)物檢(jian)測實驗室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潔凈區(qu)和(he)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)區(qu)必(bi)須(xu)有(you)效(xiao)隔(ge)(ge)離并明示(shi)區(qu)域標(biao)識; 高壓消毒室(shi)培養箱與高溫(wen)(wen)滅菌鍋不應(ying)混放(fang)，高溫(wen)(wen)滅菌鍋產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高溫(wen)(wen)蒸氣會對培養箱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度控制造成(cheng)影響(xiang)，故應(ying)予以(yi)有(you)效(xiao)隔(ge)(ge)離。
檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測用儀器設備是(shi)(shi)保證檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測數據公正、準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確的(de)(de)保障。抽查檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗報(bao)告(gao)中(zhong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測參數對應使用的(de)(de)儀器設備，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查檢(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)/校(xiao)(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)證書 (期間核查記錄、校(xiao)(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確認記錄) 是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有效，在(zai)用儀器設備是(shi)(shi)否(fou)建立(li)了檢(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)/校(xiao)(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確認總體要求，避(bi)免(mian)實驗室存在(zai)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)校(xiao)(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)超期仍開展檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測的(de)(de)行為(wei)。如: 某微生物(wu)實驗室檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測用原子熒光光度計(ji)、粉塵中(zhong)游離二(er)氧化硅分析儀等34臺檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測設備，自上(shang)一次評審結束后均未及(ji)時送檢(jian)(jian)(jian)/校(xiao)(xiao)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)/校(xiao)(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)有效期均失效，且仍在(zai)出(chu)具檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測報(bao)告(gao)。
關注檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)設備的(de)故障(zhang)停用(yong)狀(zhuang)態，是否仍存(cun)在出具檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)項目(mu)(mu)的(de)情(qing)況。如: 某(mou)實驗(yan)室2016年3月(yue)2日通過資質認定項目(mu)(mu) “生活飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)衛生要求”中(zhong)的(de) “氟化物”、 “溴酸(suan)鹽”、 “氯(lv)酸(suan)鹽”、 “亞氯(lv)酸(suan)鹽”參數(shu)，標準依據(ju)為GB/T5750. 5-2006生活飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)標準檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)方法(fa)(fa) 無機非金(jin)屬指(zhi)標 (離子色譜(pu)(pu)法(fa)(fa))和GB/T5750.10 - 2006生活飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)標準檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)方法(fa)(fa)消(xiao)毒副(fu)產物指(zhi)標 (離子色譜(pu)(pu)法(fa)(fa)) ，上述檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)項目(mu)(mu)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)離子色譜(pu)(pu)儀(yi)于2016年4月(yue)報(bao)停用(yong)，抽查2016年5月(yue)份《生活飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)》檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)報(bao)告，仍使(shi)用(yong)該設備出具檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據(ju)。
4.3 標準物質方面(mian)
標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)物質(zhi)是(shi)一種(zhong)或(huo)(huo)多種(zhong)足夠均勻地確定(ding)了特性，用以校準(zhun)(zhun)測量(liang)裝(zhuang)置、評價測量(liang)方法或(huo)(huo)給材料(liao)賦值的一種(zhong)材料(liao)或(huo)(huo)物質(zhi)。檢(jian)查組要(yao)特別(bie)關注(zhu)實驗室用標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)物質(zhi)是(shi)否為有證(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)物質(zhi)或(huo)(huo)溯源至SI單位。是(shi)否對標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)物質(zhi)的安全(quan)處(chu)置、存儲和(he)使用管(guan)(guan)理進(jin)行了規定(ding)。檢(jian)查標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)物質(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)如名稱、濃(nong)度、配(pei)制(zhi)日(ri)期(qi)、失效日(ri)期(qi)等信息(xi)的符(fu)合性。檢(jian)查標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)物質(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)度和(he)使用記錄(lu)。如: 某實驗室配(pei)制(zhi)的1%酚酞指(zhi)示劑標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)簽上未(wei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)乙醇濃(nong)度。
4.4 檢驗報(bao)告方面
檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗結果(guo)報(bao)告是檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗工作質量的(de)(de)(de)最終體(ti)現(xian)，其結果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)準確性(xing)直(zhi)接(jie)影響(xiang)著委(wei)托方的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)身(shen)利(li)益，也體(ti)現(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機構的(de)(de)(de)信譽與水平。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)過程中(zhong)應(ying)關注檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗報(bao)告原始記(ji)錄的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范性(xing)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗報(bao)告原始記(ji)錄是否附設(she)備檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)圖譜(pu)、是否記(ji)錄檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測計算過程，對通過軟(ruan)件(jian)程序(xu)出具的(de)(de)(de)數據是否經檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗人(ren)員簽字(zi)等(deng)。如(ru): 某檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測機構《黃(huang)豆醬油》檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗報(bao)告中(zhong) “鉛”項(xiang)目檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測原始記(ji)錄中(zhong)，只附有測試譜(pu)圖，未體(ti)現(xian)樣品稱樣量、定容體(ti)積、計算公式等(deng)信息。“耐(nai)熱大腸菌群(qun)”缺少培養(yang)溫度及時間(jian)記(ji)錄。均(jun)為檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗報(bao)告不規(gui)范，未體(ti)現(xian)原始記(ji)錄的(de)(de)(de)溯源(yuan)性(xing)。
4.5 檢(jian)驗(yan)標準方面
關(guan)注被(bei)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)開展檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)活動(dong)使用標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)有(you)效性(xing)。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)是否建立了(le)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)動(dong)態查(cha)(cha)(cha)新，新標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)實(shi)施或即將實(shi)施，檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)應及時(shi)確認標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)內容及檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)能力的(de)變化情況，并向行政審批部門(men)申報標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)變更。飛行檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)中重點(dian)關(guan)注抽查(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)報告中標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)依(yi)據(ju)是否為有(you)效版本。如:檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)某檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)發現GB2733-2015食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)國家標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun) 鮮、凍動(dong)物性(xing)水(shui)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)新標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)已(yi)于(yu)(yu)2016年11月(yue)實(shi)施，原2005版的(de)已(yi)作廢(fei);GB 10144-2005動(dong)物性(xing)水(shui)產干(gan)制品(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)、GB 10132-2005 魚糜制品(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)二個標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)已(yi)作廢(fei)，均(jun)被(bei)GB10136-2015食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)國家標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)動(dong)物性(xing)水(shui)產制品(pin)(pin)(pin)替(ti)代; GB5009. 11-2014食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)國家標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中總砷及無機(ji)(ji)砷的(de)測(ce)(ce)定標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)、GB5009. 17-2014食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)國家標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中總汞及甲(jia)基汞的(de)測(ce)(ce)定標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)均(jun)于(yu)(yu)2016年3月(yue)實(shi)施。查(cha)(cha)(cha)該檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)2016年10月(yue)份(fen)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)報告十份(fen)，上述標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)均(jun)未變更，仍使用作廢(fei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)出(chu)具檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)報告。
4.6 檢驗資(zi)質方面
關(guan)注檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)報告中使(shi)用(yong)的標(biao)準(zhun)依據(ju)是(shi)否已通過資(zi)質(zhi)認(ren)定，是(shi)否正確使(shi)用(yong)資(zi)質(zhi)認(ren)定標(biao)志。如: 檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)某(mou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)的“鈹(pi)、硼、鋇(bei)” 等六項參(can)數，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)依據(ju)為GB/T5750. 6-2006生活飲用(yong)水(shui)標(biao)準(zhun)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)方法(fa)金屬(shu)指標(biao)中的電(dian)感(gan)耦合等離子(zi)(zi)體發(fa)(fa)射光譜(pu)(pu)法(fa)，查(cha)該檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構(gou)通過的資(zi)質(zhi)認(ren)定項目(mu)表，電(dian)感(gan)耦合等離子(zi)(zi)體發(fa)(fa)射光譜(pu)(pu)法(fa)未通過計量(liang)認(ren)證。
5對飛行檢(jian)查工作的建(jian)議
一(yi)是(shi)目前(qian)我(wo)國檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構類(lei)別有(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)系(xi)統、食品、藥(yao)品、環保、疾控、藥(yao)品、建工、機(ji)(ji)(ji)動車、職業衛生(sheng)、農業、水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，涉(she)及的檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)領(ling)域有(you)(you)食品、電氣(qi)、輕工、橡膠輪胎、機(ji)(ji)(ji)械、建筑(zhu)材料、職業衛生(sheng)、空氣(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)等(deng)，資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)證書有(you)(you)效期為六年，復評換證時間有(you)(you)所延長。建議依據《檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)管理(li)辦法》、 《檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)評審準則(ze)》等(deng)相關規范要(yao)求，結(jie)合目前(qian)檢(jian)(jian)驗檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構普(pu)遍反(fan)映的問題，省(sheng)級質(zhi)(zhi)量技術監(jian)督部門(men)有(you)(you)計劃(hua)、分領(ling)域地(di)組織(zhi)各(ge)地(di) (市(shi)) 局(ju)實施(shi)飛行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查。
二是建(jian)議省、地 (市) 級質(zhi)量技術監督(du)部門完善(shan)檢驗檢測機構(gou)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)認(ren)定大數據，做好資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)認(ren)定證書換(huan)證、注銷、撤銷等的(de)日常監管，將被檢查(cha)機構(gou)存(cun)在的(de)問(wen)題進行(xing)(xing)梳理，對于(yu)無(wu)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)、超資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)開展(zhan)檢測活動的(de)違法行(xing)(xing)為實施(shi)嚴肅處(chu)理，定期(qi)在媒體、網絡平臺上(shang)向社(she)會公布，形成全社(she)會共同(tong)監督(du)，引導檢驗檢測機構(gou)行(xing)(xing)業規范運行(xing)(xing)。
三是建(jian)議地市(shi)、縣級行政(zheng)監管(guan)部(bu)門加強檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)對資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)政(zheng)策要求的培訓，學(xue)習(xi)國家質(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)總局(ju)、認(ren)監委部(bu)署(shu)的《檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》、《食品檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)管(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》和《檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)評(ping)審準則》、《食品檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)資質(zhi)(zhi)認(ren)定(ding)評(ping)審準則》等(deng)相關規范，確保檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)機(ji)構(gou)落實主體責任(ren)，有義務(wu)(wu)、有責任(ren)地履(lv)行義務(wu)(wu)，為社(she)會(hui)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展提供檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)技(ji)術支撐和服務(wu)(wu)。
